Gas chromatography (GC) is a widely used analytical technique for separating and analyzing volatile compounds in a mixture. Packed columns were among the first types of columns used in gas chromatography before the development of capillary columns. GC packed columns are suited for separating larger compounds or when the sample size is not limited. They are often used in analyzing natural...

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a formidable tool used to amplify specific DNA samples rapidly and exponentially to a large enough amount to be studied in detail by scientists. It has become a fundamental technique used in genetic research, medical diagnostics, and numerous fields of biology. Its efficiency and versatility are critical for applications ranging from cloning to gene expression...